National Instruments Network Card GPIB SCSI A User Manual

GPIB  
Getting Started with  
Your GPIB-SCSI-A and  
NI-488.2 for Solaris  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
June 2001 Edition  
Part Number 320639B-01  
 
 
Important Information  
Warranty  
The GPIB-SCSI-A is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of two years from the date of shipment, as evidenced  
by receipts or other documentation. National Instruments will, at its option, repair or replace equipment that proves to be defective during the  
warranty period. This warranty includes parts and labor.  
The media on which you receive National Instruments software are warranted not to fail to execute programming instructions, due to defects  
in materials and workmanship, for a period of 90 days from date of shipment, as evidenced by receipts or other documentation. National  
Instruments will, at its option, repair or replace software media that do not execute programming instructions if National Instruments receives  
notice of such defects during the warranty period. National Instruments does not warrant that the operation of the software shall be  
uninterrupted or error free.  
A Return Material Authorization (RMA) number must be obtained from the factory and clearly marked on the outside of the package before  
any equipment will be accepted for warranty work. National Instruments will pay the shipping costs of returning to the owner parts which are  
covered by warranty.  
National Instruments believes that the information in this document is accurate. The document has been carefully reviewed for technical  
accuracy. In the event that technical or typographical errors exist, National Instruments reserves the right to make changes to subsequent  
editions of this document without prior notice to holders of this edition. The reader should consult National Instruments if errors are suspected.  
In no event shall National Instruments be liable for any damages arising out of or related to this document or the information contained in it.  
EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED HEREIN, NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY OF  
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. CUSTOMERS RIGHT TO RECOVER DAMAGES CAUSED BY FAULT OR NEGLIGENCE ON THE PART OF  
NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT THERETOFORE PAID BY THE CUSTOMER. NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR  
DAMAGES RESULTING FROM LOSS OF DATA, PROFITS, USE OF PRODUCTS, OR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY  
THEREOF. This limitation of the liability of National Instruments will apply regardless of the form of action, whether in contract or tort, including  
negligence. Any action against National Instruments must be brought within one year after the cause of action accrues. National Instruments  
shall not be liable for any delay in performance due to causes beyond its reasonable control. The warranty provided herein does not cover  
damages, defects, malfunctions, or service failures caused by owners failure to follow the National Instruments installation, operation, or  
maintenance instructions; owners modification of the product; owners abuse, misuse, or negligent acts; and power failure or surges, fire,  
flood, accident, actions of third parties, or other events outside reasonable control.  
Copyright  
Under the copyright laws, this publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,  
recording, storing in an information retrieval system, or translating, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of National  
Instruments Corporation.  
Trademarks  
National Instruments, NI, NI-488, NI-488.2, NI-488.2M, and ni.comare trademarks of National Instruments Corporation.  
Product and company names mentioned herein are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies.  
Patents  
The product described in this manual may be protected by one or more U.S. patents, foreign patents, or pending applications.  
U.S. Patent No(s) 5,974,541, 5,964,892, 5,958,028, 5,987,530, 6,073,205. Other U.S. and International patents pending.  
WARNING REGARDING USE OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS  
(1) NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED WITH COMPONENTS AND TESTING FOR A LEVEL OF  
RELIABILITY SUITABLE FOR USE IN OR IN CONNECTION WITH SURGICAL IMPLANTS OR AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN  
ANY LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS WHOSE FAILURE TO PERFORM CAN REASONABLY BE EXPECTED TO CAUSE SIGNIFICANT  
INJURY TO A HUMAN.  
(2) IN ANY APPLICATION, INCLUDING THE ABOVE, RELIABILITY OF OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE PRODUCTS CAN BE  
IMPAIRED BY ADVERSE FACTORS, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO FLUCTUATIONS IN ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY,  
COMPUTER HARDWARE MALFUNCTIONS, COMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEM SOFTWARE FITNESS, FITNESS OF COMPILERS  
AND DEVELOPMENT SOFTWARE USED TO DEVELOP AN APPLICATION, INSTALLATION ERRORS, SOFTWARE AND  
HARDWARE COMPATIBILITY PROBLEMS, MALFUNCTIONS OR FAILURES OF ELECTRONIC MONITORING OR CONTROL  
DEVICES, TRANSIENT FAILURES OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS (HARDWARE AND/OR SOFTWARE), UNANTICIPATED USES OR  
MISUSES, OR ERRORS ON THE PART OF THE USER OR APPLICATIONS DESIGNER (ADVERSE FACTORS SUCH AS THESE ARE  
HEREAFTER COLLECTIVELY TERMED SYSTEM FAILURES). ANY APPLICATION WHERE A SYSTEM FAILURE WOULD  
CREATE A RISK OF HARM TO PROPERTY OR PERSONS (INCLUDING THE RISK OF BODILY INJURY AND DEATH) SHOULD  
NOT BE RELIANT SOLELY UPON ONE FORM OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEM DUE TO THE RISK OF SYSTEM FAILURE. TO AVOID  
DAMAGE, INJURY, OR DEATH, THE USER OR APPLICATION DESIGNER MUST TAKE REASONABLY PRUDENT STEPS TO  
PROTECT AGAINST SYSTEM FAILURES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO BACK-UP OR SHUT DOWN MECHANISMS.  
BECAUSE EACH END-USER SYSTEM IS CUSTOMIZED AND DIFFERS FROM NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS' TESTING  
PLATFORMS AND BECAUSE A USER OR APPLICATION DESIGNER MAY USE NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS IN  
COMBINATION WITH OTHER PRODUCTS IN A MANNER NOT EVALUATED OR CONTEMPLATED BY NATIONAL  
INSTRUMENTS, THE USER OR APPLICATION DESIGNER IS ULTIMATELY RESPONSIBLE FOR VERIFYING AND VALIDATING  
THE SUITABILITY OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS WHENEVER NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS ARE  
INCORPORATED IN A SYSTEM OR APPLICATION, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE APPROPRIATE DESIGN,  
PROCESS AND SAFETY LEVEL OF SUCH SYSTEM OR APPLICATION.  
 
Compliance  
FCC/Canada Radio Frequency Interference Compliance*  
Determining FCC Class  
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has rules to protect wireless communications from interference. The FCC  
places digital electronics into two classes. These classes are known as Class A (for use in industrial-commercial locations only)  
or Class B (for use in residential or commercial locations). Depending on where it is operated, this product could be subject to  
restrictions in the FCC rules. (In Canada, the Department of Communications (DOC), of Industry Canada, regulates wireless  
interference in much the same way.)  
Digital electronics emit weak signals during normal operation that can affect radio, television, or other wireless products. By  
examining the product you purchased, you can determine the FCC Class and therefore which of the two FCC/DOC Warnings  
apply in the following sections. (Some products may not be labeled at all for FCC; if so, the reader should then assume these are  
Class A devices.)  
FCC Class A products only display a simple warning statement of one paragraph in length regarding interference and undesired  
operation. Most of our products are FCC Class A. The FCC rules have restrictions regarding the locations where FCC Class A  
products can be operated.  
FCC Class B products display either a FCC ID code, starting with the letters EXN,  
or the FCC Class B compliance mark that appears as shown here on the right.  
Consult the FCC web site http://www.fcc.govfor more information.  
FCC/DOC Warnings  
This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in strict accordance with the instructions  
in this manual and the CE Mark Declaration of Conformity**, may cause interference to radio and television reception.  
Classification requirements are the same for the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the Canadian Department  
of Communications (DOC).  
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by National Instruments could void the users authority to operate the  
equipment under the FCC Rules.  
Class A  
Federal Communications Commission  
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC  
Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated  
in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and  
used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this  
equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct  
the interference at his own expense.  
Canadian Department of Communications  
This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment Regulations.  
Cet appareil numérique de la classe A respecte toutes les exigences du Règlement sur le matériel brouilleur du Canada.  
Class B  
Federal Communications Commission  
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the  
FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.  
This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the  
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not  
occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can  
be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of  
the following measures:  
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.  
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.  
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.  
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.  
 
Canadian Department of Communications  
This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment Regulations.  
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B respecte toutes les exigences du Règlement sur le matériel brouilleur du Canada.  
Compliance to EU Directives  
Readers in the European Union (EU) must refer to the Manufacturer's Declaration of Conformity (DoC) for information**  
pertaining to the CE Mark compliance scheme. The Manufacturer includes a DoC for most every hardware product except for  
those bought for OEMs, if also available from an original manufacturer that also markets in the EU, or where compliance is not  
required as for electrically benign apparatus or cables.  
To obtain the DoC for this product, click Declaration of Conformity at ni.com/hardref.nsf/. This website lists the DoCs  
by product family. Select the appropriate product family, followed by your product, and a link to the DoC appears in Adobe  
Acrobat format. Click the Acrobat icon to download or read the DoC.  
*
Certain exemptions may apply in the USA, see FCC Rules §15.103 Exempted devices, and §15.105(c). Also available in  
sections of CFR 47.  
** The CE Mark Declaration of Conformity will contain important supplementary information and instructions for the user or  
installer.  
 
Conventions  
The following conventions are used in this manual:  
This icon denotes a note, which alerts you to important information.  
This icon denotes a caution, which advises you of precautions to take to  
avoid injury, data loss, or a system crash.  
bold  
Bold text denotes the names of light-emitting diodes (LEDs).  
italic  
Italic text denotes variables, emphasis, a cross reference, or an introduction  
to a key concept. This font also denotes text that is a placeholder for a word  
or value that you must supply.  
monospace  
Text in this font denotes text or characters that you should enter from the  
keyboard, sections of code, programming examples, and syntax examples.  
This font is also used for the proper names of disk drives, paths, directories,  
programs, subprograms, subroutines, device names, functions, operations,  
variables, filenames and extensions, and code excerpts.  
 
 
Chapter 1  
What You Need to Get Started ......................................................................................1-1  
Chapter 2  
Step 2. Connect the Cables..............................................................................2-9  
Step 3. Switch On Your GPIB-SCSI-A...........................................................2-10  
Installing NI-488.2.........................................................................................................2-10  
Configuring the Software with ibconf (Optional)..........................................................2-11  
Removing NI-488.2 (Optional)......................................................................................2-11  
Chapter 3  
Chapter 4  
Using NI-488.2 with Solaris  
Introduction to ibic.........................................................................................................4-1  
Programming Considerations ........................................................................................4-2  
Appendix A  
Troubleshooting and Common Questions  
Appendix B  
Specifications  
© National Instruments Corporation  
vii  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
Contents  
Appendix C  
Technical Support Resources  
Glossary  
Index  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
viii  
 
ni.com  
1
Introduction  
This chapter explains how to use this manual, lists what you need to get  
started, and briefly describes the GPIB-SCSI-A and NI-488.2 for Solaris.  
What You Need to Get Started  
Solaris version 2.5.1 or higher installed on your Sun SPARC system  
One of the following GPIB-SCSI-A boxes:  
100120 VAC  
220240 VAC  
One of the following power cords:  
U.S.A. standard power cord  
U.K. power cord  
Switzerland power cord  
Australian power cord  
Universal European power cord  
North American power cord  
Standard 50-pin SCSI-1 terminator  
Type SCSI-G Cable: GPIB-SCSI-A (50-pin SCSI-1) to Sun SPARC  
system (SCSI-2 50-pin)1 m  
NI-488.2 for Solaris and GPIB-SCSI-A, Version 2.x CD  
Super-user privilege  
One of the following shielded GPIB cables, which you can purchase  
from National Instruments:  
Type X1 single-shielded cables (1, 2, or 4 m)  
Type X2 double-shielded cables (1, 2, or 4 m)  
© National Instruments Corporation  
1-1  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
       
Chapter 1  
Introduction  
Caution To meet FCC emission limits for this device, you must use a shielded  
(Type X1 or X2) GPIB cable. Operating this equipment with a non-shielded cable  
may interfere with radio and television reception.  
GPIB Hardware Overview  
The GPIB-SCSI-A is a high-performance interface product that  
transparently handles data transfers between the SCSI and the GPIB.  
The GPIB-SCSI-A is actually an 8-bit microcomputer that operates as a  
full-function IEEE 488.2/SCSI Controller. It can turn any computer with  
a SCSI port into a GPIB Talker/Listener/Controller or it can make any  
device on the SCSI bus look like a GPIB device.  
The GPIB-SCSI-A has all the software and logic required to implement  
the physical and electrical characteristics of the ANSI/IEEE Standard  
488.2-1987 and the ANSI Standard X3T9.2. It is able to interpret and  
execute commands that you send to it over the GPIB or SCSI ports and  
Standard GPIB cables can connect the GPIB-SCSI-A with up to 14 devices.  
If you need to connect to more than 14 devices, you can add them to your  
system using an IEEE 488 extender or expander, such as the National  
Instruments GPIB-130, GPIB-120A, or GPIB-140A. Refer to Appendix B,  
Specifications, for more information about the GPIB hardware  
specifications and recommended operating conditions.  
NI-488.2 Overview  
NI-488.2 for Solaris consists of a loadable driver and utilities that transform  
a Sun SPARC system running Solaris into an IEEE 488.2 (GPIB)  
Controller with complete communications and bus management  
capabilities.  
NI-488.2 includes the following components:  
C language interface  
Software diagnostic utility  
Interactive control utility  
Interactive configuration utility  
NI-488.2 supports multiple GPIB-SCSI-A boxes installed in a Sun SPARC  
system, and is completely compatible with both IEEE 488 and IEEE 488.2  
instruments.  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
1-2  
ni.com  
 
           
2
Installation  
This chapter describes how to install NI-488.2 for Solaris and how to  
configure and connect the GPIB-SCSI-A to your Sun SPARC system.  
The NI-488.2 software included in this kit is intended for use with Sun  
SPARC systems running Solaris 2.5.1 or higher.  
Figure 2-1 shows the rear panel of the GPIB-SCSI-A.  
A
ON  
SCSI  
OFF  
B
O 1  
N
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
O 1  
N
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
CTS 206-8  
CTS 206-8  
SW1  
SW2  
GPIB  
Figure 2-1. GPIB-SCSI-A Rear Panel  
Configuring the Hardware  
The hardware configurations of the SCSI ID (Target ID) and the GPIB  
primary address must match the software configuration in the system  
configuration files and the NI-488.2 software.  
The GPIB-SCSI-A is shipped from the factory with a 100-120 V or a  
220-240 V power supply. Before you use the GPIB-SCSI-A, verify that  
the voltage on the power supply matches the voltage that is supplied in  
your area.  
Caution Operating the GPIB-SCSI-A at any voltage other than the one specified on the  
bottom of the unit could damage the unit. Replacement fuses must be the proper type and  
rating. See Appendix B, Specifications, for fuse information.  
© National Instruments Corporation  
2-1  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
               
Chapter 2  
Installation  
The GPIB-SCSI-A is shipped from the factory configured to operate  
in SCSI (S) mode. Optional parity checking on the SCSI port is disabled.  
The SCSI ID that the GPIB-SCSI-A responds to is set at 5, and the primary  
GPIB address is set at 0. Additionally, the GPIB-SCSI-A kit is shipped  
from the factory with a SCSI terminating resistor installed. Depending  
on how you connect the GPIB-SCSI-A to your system, you may want  
to remove the terminating resistor.  
Note The only parameters available for configuration with this kit are the SCSI ID and the  
GPIB address. Do not change any other switch settings from the factory default settings.  
The factory default setting of the GPIB-SCSI-A Target ID is 5. To confirm  
that a Target ID of 5 is available in your system, print out the startup  
messages from the last time you booted with the following command:  
dmesg  
Among the startup messages are the devices found on the SCSI bus  
and their respective Target ID numbers. If a Target ID of 5 is not available  
in your system, select an unused Target ID (a number between 0 and 7)  
and set the appropriate switch to that Target ID number (refer to the next  
section, Configuration Switch Settings for SW1). Typically, Targets 1 and 3  
are used by the internal disks, Target 4 is used by a tape drive (if you have  
a tape drive), and Target 0 is used by an external disk drive. Target 7 is  
always used by the Sun SPARC system central processing unit.  
Configuration Switch Settings for SW1  
The DIP switch at location SW1 on the rear panel (see Figure 2-1) is used  
to configure the power-on primary GPIB address and SCSI ID of the  
GPIB-SCSI-A. Figure 2-2 shows the factory default settings.  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
O
N
CTS 206-8  
SW1  
Figure 2-2. SW1 Default Mode Switch Settings  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
2-2  
ni.com  
 
         
Chapter 2  
Installation  
The default settings of switches 1 through 3 are ON, OFF, ON, respectively,  
to select the SCSI ID of 5. Switches 4 through 8 are OFF, indicating that the  
GPIB primary address of the GPIB-SCSI-A is 0.  
Tables 2-1 and 2-2 show the possible configurations of the eight switches  
for SW1 and what each configuration indicates. Factory default settings are  
in bold.  
Table 2-1. SW1 Configuration Parameters for Switches 1 through 3  
Switches  
1
2
3
Indication  
SCSI ID of 0  
SCSI ID of 1  
SCSI ID of 2  
SCSI ID of 3  
SCSI ID of 4  
SCSI ID of 5  
SCSI ID of 6  
SCSI ID of 7  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
Table 2-2. SW1 Configuration Parameters for Switches 4 through 8  
Switches  
4
5
6
7
8
Indication  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 0  
ON GPIB Primary Address 1  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 2  
ON GPIB Primary Address 3  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 4  
ON GPIB Primary Address 5  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 6  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
GPIB Primary Address 7  
© National Instruments Corporation  
2-3  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
   
Chapter 2  
Installation  
Table 2-2. SW1 Configuration Parameters for Switches 4 through 8 (Continued)  
Switches  
4
5
6
7
8
Indication  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 8  
ON GPIB Primary Address 9  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 10  
ON GPIB Primary Address 11  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 12  
ON GPIB Primary Address 13  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 14  
ON GPIB Primary Address 15  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 16  
ON GPIB Primary Address 17  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 18  
ON GPIB Primary Address 19  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 20  
ON GPIB Primary Address 21  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 22  
ON GPIB Primary Address 23  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 24  
ON GPIB Primary Address 25  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 26  
ON GPIB Primary Address 27  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 28  
ON GPIB Primary Address 29  
OFF GPIB Primary Address 30  
ON GPIB Primary Address 0  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
2-4  
ni.com  
 
Chapter 2  
Installation  
Configuration Switch Settings for SW2  
The DIP switch at location SW2 on the rear panel (see Figure 2-1) is used  
to configure the mode of operation for the GPIB-SCSI-A. These switch  
settings should not be changed for use with the Sun SPARC system.  
Figure 2-3 shows the factory default settings. Make sure that these switches  
are set as shown in Figure 2-3. If they are not, set these switches as  
indicated.  
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  
O
N
CTS 206-8  
SW2  
Figure 2-3. SW2 Default Mode Switch Settings  
Table 2-3 shows the factory default configurations of the eight switches  
for SW2.  
Table 2-3. Factory Default Configurations for SW2  
Switch  
Position  
OFF  
Indication  
13  
4
Reserved and should remain OFF  
Double buffering is enabled  
ON  
5
OFF  
GPIB-SCSI-A completes all data requests  
to the count specified  
6
7
8
ON  
ON  
GPIB-SCSI-A buffers data during data  
transfer commands  
GPIB-SCSI-A neither notices nor reports  
SCSI parity errors  
OFF  
Operating in S (SCSI) mode  
© National Instruments Corporation  
2-5  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
         
Chapter 2  
Installation  
Using SCSI Terminating Resistors  
Because of its high-speed capabilities, the SCSI bus is sensitive to the  
electrical characteristics of the SCSI cabling. When a signal is sent through  
the SCSI bus, it bounces back and creates echoes along the cabling. Any  
device in the middle of the daisy-chained SCSI bus receives these signal  
echoes. You should use terminating resistor packs to prevent echoes and  
ensure proper termination of a signal. Read the documentation for each  
device in your system to find out what kind of termination it provides.  
If your GPIB-SCSI-A is located at the end of an SCSI bus, you can prevent  
echoes by leaving the terminating resistor pack installed on one of the ports  
on the rear panel of the GPIB-SCSI-A. Also, ensure that the device at the  
other end of the SCSI bus (for example, the SCSI host in Figure 2-4) has  
a terminating resistor installed. Remove the terminating resistor packs on  
all devices except for the one at each end because SCSI signals are not  
reliably passed along the SCSI bus after they reach a device with a  
terminator.  
Caution Never connect more than two sets of terminating resistors on an SCSI bus because  
more than two sets might overload the signals and generate errors.  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
2-6  
ni.com  
 
         
Chapter 2  
Installation  
Figure 2-4 shows where to install terminating resistors if the GPIB-SCSI-A  
is located at the end of a system.  
2
6
5
1
R
E
L
L
CSI-A  
O
C
O
R
-S  
T
N
PIB  
4
G
C
I
S
S
8
8
4
-
E
E
E
I
E
IV  
E
C
E
R
D
N
E
S
N
E
T
IS  
L
K
L
A
T
Y
D
A
E
R
R
E
W
O
P
3
1
2
To GPIB Devices  
Terminating Resistors  
3
4
GPIB-SCSI-A  
SCSI Tape Drive  
5
6
SCSI Disk Drive  
SCSI Host  
Figure 2-4. Location of Terminating Resistors for GPIB-SCSI-A at End of SCSI Bus  
If your GPIB-SCSI-A is not located at the end of the SCSI bus, remove  
the terminating resistor pack from the rear panel of the GPIB-SCSI-A. Also  
ensure that all other devices in the middle of the bus (for example, the SCSI  
disk drive in Figure 2-5) do not have terminating resistors installed. The  
devices at each end of the SCSI bus should have terminating resistors  
installed.  
© National Instruments Corporation  
2-7  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
   
Chapter 2  
Installation  
Figure 2-5 shows where to install terminating resistors if the GPIB-SCSI-A  
is at a location other than the end of a system.  
2
5
1
6
3
R
I-A  
E
L
S
L
O
R
-SC  
T
N
IB  
P
O
C
G
I
S
C
S
8
8
4
-
E
E
IE  
E
IV  
E
C
E
R
D
N
E
S
N
E
T
S
I
L
K
L
A
T
Y
D
A
E
R
R
E
W
O
P
4
1
2
SCSI Tape Drive  
Terminating Resistors  
3
4
To GPIB Devices  
GPIB-SCSI-A  
5
6
SCSI Disk Drive  
SCSI Host  
Figure2-5. LocationofTerminatingResistorsforGPIB-SCSI-ANotatEndofSCSI Bus  
Connecting the Hardware  
The following are general instructions for connecting the GPIB-SCSI-A  
to the Sun SPARC system. Consult the chapter on installing external drives  
in the installation guide that came with your Sun SPARC system for  
specific instructions and warnings.  
There are two methods for connecting the GPIB-SCSI-A to the Sun SPARC  
system. One method is connecting the GPIB-SCSI-A directly to the Sun  
SPARC system unit by using a cable with the proper connectors at each  
end. The other method is daisy-chaining. Daisy-chaining is a means of  
connecting a number of SCSI devices to a host; thereby, a single port on  
the host can serve a variable number of devices. Daisy-chaining is the  
suggested method for connecting the GPIB-SCSI-A to the Sun SPARC  
system.  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
2-8  
ni.com  
 
     
Chapter 2  
Installation  
Whether you are using a direct connection or daisy-chaining, there are four  
basic steps to connecting the GPIB-SCSI-A.  
1. Shut down your system and turn off your computer.  
2. Connect the cables.  
3. Switch on your GPIB-SCSI-A.  
4. Power on your system.  
Step 1. Shut Down the System  
Complete the following steps to shut down your system:  
1. Enter the shutdowncommand and turn off your computer. (You need  
super-user privilege to do a shutdown.)  
2. Unplug the power cord from the power outlet.  
Step 2. Connect the Cables  
Caution Never connect or disconnect SCSI cables when any device (computer, tape drive,  
GPIB-SCSI-A, and so on) is powered on. Doing so can cause fuses to blow inside the  
GPIB-SCSI-A and inside other SCSI devices that supply termination power (TERMPWR)  
to the SCSI bus.  
Complete the following steps to connect the cables:  
1. Connect the SCSI cable to the GPIB-SCSI-A and fasten it securely.  
Connect the other end to your SCSI system. Be sure to use only  
shielded SCSI cables. Total cable length in your SCSI system should  
be less than 6 m, and terminating resistors should be installed on both  
ends, as described earlier in this chapter.  
2. Connect the GPIB cable to the GPIB-SCSI-A and tighten the thumb  
screws on the connector. Connect the other end to your GPIB system.  
Be sure to use only shielded GPIB cables. Total cable length in your  
GPIB system should be less than 20 m, with a maximum separation  
of 4 m between any two devices. You should have no more than  
15 devices in a GPIB system, and at least two-thirds of those devices  
must be powered on.  
3. Plug the power cord into an AC outlet of the correct voltage.  
© National Instruments Corporation  
2-9  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
             
Chapter 2  
Installation  
Step 3. Switch On Your GPIB-SCSI-A  
Switch on your GPIB-SCSI-A by using the rocker switch on the rear panel.  
The POWER LED should come on immediately and the READY  
indicator on the front panel should come on after the GPIB-SCSI-A has  
passed its power-on self-test, indicating that the unit is ready for operation.  
If the READY indicator does not come on within 10 seconds after the unit  
is powered on, recheck all connections and switch settings and retry the  
power-on sequence. If the READY light still fails to come on, contact  
National Instruments.  
Step 4. Power On Your System  
Complete the following steps to power on your system:  
1. Plug the power cords of the Sun SPARC system and any other SCSI  
equipment into a power outlet.  
2. Power on all devices.  
3. Power on your system.  
Installing NI-488.2  
Complete the following steps to install NI-488.2 for Solaris:  
1. Insert the NI-488.2 for Solaris installation CD.  
2. You must have superuser privilege before you can install NI-488.2 for  
Solaris. If you are not already a superuser, type su rootand enter the  
root password.  
3. Add NI-488.2 to the operating system by entering the following  
command.  
a. On Solaris 2.5.1 or later versions, the CD automatically mounts  
as soon as you insert the CD. If this feature is disabled on your  
workstation, you must mount the CD by typing the following  
command:  
/usr/sbin/mount -o ro -F hsfs /dev/dsk/c0t6d0s2 /cdrom/cdrom0  
b. Enter the following command to add NI-488.2 to your system:  
/usr/sbin/pkgadd -d /cdrom/cdrom0 NICscsia  
4. Follow the instructions on your screen to complete the installation.  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
2-10  
ni.com  
 
             
Chapter 2  
Installation  
Configuring the Software with ibconf (Optional)  
ibconfis an interactive utility you can use to examine or modify the  
configuration of the driver. You might want to run ibconfto change  
the settings of the software parameters. You must have super-user privilege  
to run ibconf.  
ibconfis largely self explanatory and contains help screens that explain  
all commands and options. For more information on using ibconf, refer  
to the NI-488.2M Software Reference Manual.  
Complete the following steps to change the default parameters of your  
NI-488.2 software. The driver should not be in use while you run ibconf.  
1. Log on as super-user (root).  
2. Type the following command to start ibconf:  
ibconf  
After you have installed and configured the software, you should verify the  
installation. Refer to Chapter 3, Installation Verification.  
Removing NI-488.2 (Optional)  
If you ever decide to stop using your GPIB-SCSI-A, you can remove  
NI-488.2 from your system. To remove NI-488.2 from the kernel  
configuration, you must have superuser privilege and the driver must not  
be in use.  
Enter the following command to unload the software:  
pkgrm NICscsia  
© National Instruments Corporation  
2-11  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
       
3
Installation Verification  
This chapter describes how to verify the software installation.  
The software installation test ibtstaverifies that the driver is installed  
correctly. It checks for correct access to the device driver.  
Run ibtstaby entering the following command:  
ibtsta  
If no error occurs in ibtsta, NI-488.2 is installed correctly.  
If ibtstafails, it displays an error message that explains why the test  
failed and how you can correct the problem. If you are unable to run  
ibtstasuccessfully after you have followed the on-screen instructions,  
refer to Appendix A, Troubleshooting and Common Questions.  
© National Instruments Corporation  
3-1  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
     
4
Using NI-488.2 with Solaris  
This chapter helps you get started with NI-488.2 for Solaris.  
Introduction to ibic  
The NI-488.2 software includes the Interface Bus Interactive Control  
utility, ibic. You can use ibicto enter NI-488 functions and  
IEEE 488.2-style functions (also known as NI-488.2 routines) interactively  
and display the results of the function calls automatically. Without writing  
an application, you can use ibicto do the following:  
Verify GPIB communication with your device quickly and easily  
Become familiar with the commands of your device  
Receive data from your GPIB device  
Learn new NI-488.2 functions and routines before integrating them  
into your application  
Troubleshoot problems with your application  
Enter the following command to run ibic:  
ibic  
For more information about ibic, refer to Chapter 6, ibic, in the  
NI-488.2M Software Reference Manual.  
© National Instruments Corporation  
4-1  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
         
Chapter 4  
Using NI-488.2 with Solaris  
Programming Considerations  
Depending on the programming language you use to develop your  
application, you must include certain files, statements, or global variables  
at the beginning of your application. For example, you must include the  
header file sys/ugpib.hin your source code if you are using C/C++.  
You must link the language interface library with your compiled source  
code. Link the GPIB C language interface library using one of the  
following commands, where example.cis your application name:  
cc example.c -lgpib  
or  
cc example.c -dy -lgpib  
or  
cc example.c -dn -lgpib  
-dyspecifies dynamic linking, which is the default method. It links the  
application to libgpib.so. -dnspecifies static linking in the link editor.  
It links the application to libgpib.a. For more information about  
compiling and linking, see the manpages for ccand ld.  
For information about each NI-488 function and IEEE 488.2-style  
function, choosing a programming method, developing your application, or  
compiling and linking, refer to the NI-488.2M Software Reference Manual.  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
4-2  
ni.com  
 
       
A
Troubleshooting and  
Common Questions  
This appendix describes how to troubleshoot problems and answers some  
common questions. Also refer to Appendix B, Common Errors and Their  
Solutions, in the NI-488.2M Software Reference Manual.  
Troubleshooting  
Caution The GPIB-SCSI-A contains circuitry that operates with hazardous voltages.  
Refer service requirements to qualified personnel.  
The SCSI cable must be securely connected to the GPIB-SCSI-A.  
If the GPIB-SCSI-A is the last device on the SCSI bus, make sure that  
on the rear panel of the GPIB-SCSI-A to terminate the SCSI bus. Refer  
to the Using SCSI Terminating Resistors section of Chapter 2,  
Installation, for more information.  
The SW1 DIP switch settings on the GPIB-SCSI-A should be set to  
the correct SCSI ID (Target ID) and the correct GPIB primary address.  
Refer to the Configuration Switch Settings for SW1 section of  
Chapter 2, Installation, for more information.  
The SW2 DIP switch should remain in the default configuration. Refer  
to the Configuration Switch Settings for SW2 section of Chapter 2,  
Installation, for more information.  
Check the fuse.  
Caution Replacement fuses must be of the proper type and rating. See Appendix B,  
Specifications, for fuse information.  
The GPIB-SCSI-A must be powered on.  
© National Instruments Corporation  
A-1  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
           
Appendix A  
Troubleshooting and Common Questions  
Common Questions  
How do I know that my GPIB-SCSI-A and driver are installed  
correctly?  
The ibtstatest verifies that both the hardware and software are installed  
correctly. Run ibtstaby entering the following command:  
ibtsta  
If no error occurs in ibtsta, NI-488.2 is installed correctly.  
What do I do if the software verification test fails with an error?  
If ibtstafails, make sure that no GPIB cables are connected to the  
GPIB-SCSI-A. If necessary, remove and reinstall NI-488.2 from the CD.  
If you already have completed the troubleshooting steps, contact National  
Instruments.  
What could be causing a problem if the installation process fails?  
The most probable reason is that the GPIB-SCSI-A is at a different SCSI  
Target ID than what you entered during installation. Reinstall using the  
correct ID.  
How should I check for errors in my GPIB application?  
Examine the value of ibstaafter each NI-488 or NI-488.2 call. If a call  
fails, the ERR bit of ibstais set and an error code is stored in iberr.  
For more information about global status variables, refer to the following  
sections in the NI-488.2M Software Reference Manual: the General  
Programming Information section in Chapter 3, Understanding the  
NI-488.2 Software, and Appendix B, Common Errors and Their Solutions.  
When should I use ibic?  
You can use ibicto practice communication with your instrument,  
troubleshoot problems, and develop your application program. For more  
information about ibic, refer to Chapter 6, ibic, in the NI-488.2M  
Software Reference Manual.  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
A-2  
ni.com  
 
         
Appendix A  
Troubleshooting and Common Questions  
What is wrong if ibfind returns a –1?  
The driver may not be installed correctly or the nodes may not have been  
created when the driver was loaded. Try removing and reinstalling  
NI-488.2 from the CD, as described in Chapter 2, Installation.  
Also, the file may require read/write privileges you do not have, or you may  
have renamed a device. Make sure that the device names in your application  
program match the device names in ibconf.  
How do I use an NI-488.2 language interface?  
For information about using NI-488.2 language interfaces, refer Chapter 4,  
Using NI-488.2 with Solaris. Also refer to the NI-488.2M Software  
Reference Manual.  
How do I communicate with my instrument over the GPIB?  
Refer to the documentation that came from the instrument manufacturer.  
The command sequences you use are totally dependent on the specific  
instrument. The documentation for each instrument should include the  
GPIB commands you need to communicate with it. In most cases, NI-488  
device-level calls are sufficient for communicating with instruments. Refer  
to Chapter 5, NI-488M Software Characteristics and Functions, in the  
NI-488.2M Software Reference Manual, for more information.  
What information should I have before I call National Instruments?  
Please have the results of the diagnostic test ibtsta. You also should have  
run ibicto try to find the source of your problem.  
Does this driver work with 64-bit Solaris?  
Yes. NI-488.2 for Solaris works with either 32-bit or 64-bit Solaris.  
© National Instruments Corporation  
A-3  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
       
B
Specifications  
This appendix lists the electrical, environmental, and physical  
specifications of the GPIB-SCSI-A and the recommended operating  
conditions.  
Electrical Characteristics  
Power supply unit................................... 100 to 120 VAC 10%,  
50/60 Hz input  
or  
220 to 240 VAC 10%,  
50/60 Hz input  
Maximum current requirement .............. 100 to 120 VAC, 90 mA  
220 to 240 VAC, 45 mA  
Fuse rating and type ............................... 100 to 120 VAC, 200 mA  
UL/CSA approved  
220 to 240 VAC, 125 mA  
IEC approved  
Environmental Characteristics  
Temperature  
Operating ....................................... 0 to 40 °C  
Storage ............................................ 20 to 70 °C  
Relative humidity  
Operating ........................................ 10 to 90% noncondensing  
conditions  
Storage ............................................ 5 to 90% noncondensing  
conditions  
EMI ........................................................ FCC Class A Verified  
© National Instruments Corporation  
B-1  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
         
Appendix B  
Specifications  
Physical Characteristics  
Overall case size .....................................74.5 by 190.2 by 250.9 mm  
(2.934 by 7.489 by 9.88 in.)  
Case material ..........................................All metal enclosure  
Rack mounting........................................Single or dual kits available  
Weight.....................................................1.81 kg (4 lb)  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
B-2  
ni.com  
 
 
C
Technical Support Resources  
Web Support  
National Instruments Web support is your first stop for help in solving  
installation, configuration, and application problems and questions. Online  
problem-solving and diagnostic resources include frequently asked  
questions, knowledge bases, product-specific troubleshooting wizards,  
manuals, drivers, software updates, and more. Web support is available  
through the Technical Support section of ni.com.  
NI Developer Zone  
The NI Developer Zone at ni.com/zoneis the essential resource for  
building measurement and automation systems. At the NI Developer Zone,  
you can easily access the latest example programs, system configurators,  
tutorials, technical news, as well as a community of developers ready to  
share their own techniques.  
Customer Education  
National Instruments provides a number of alternatives to satisfy your  
training needs, from self-paced tutorials, videos, and interactive CDs to  
instructor-led hands-on courses at locations around the world. Visit the  
Customer Education section of ni.comfor online course schedules,  
syllabi, training centers, and class registration.  
System Integration  
If you have time constraints, limited in-house technical resources, or other  
dilemmas, you may prefer to employ consulting or system integration  
services. You can rely on the expertise available through our worldwide  
network of Alliance Program members. To find out more about our  
Alliance system integration solutions, visit the System Integration section  
of ni.com.  
© National Instruments Corporation  
C-1  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
             
Appendix C  
Technical Support Resources  
Worldwide Support  
National Instruments has offices located around the world to help address  
your support needs. You can access our branch office Web sites from the  
Worldwide Offices section of ni.com. Branch office Web sites provide  
up-to-date contact information, support phone numbers, e-mail addresses,  
and current events.  
If you have searched the technical support resources on our Web site and  
still cannot find the answers you need, contact your local office or National  
Instruments corporate. Phone numbers for our worldwide offices are listed  
at the front of this manual.  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
C-2  
ni.com  
 
 
Glossary  
Prefix  
m-  
Meaning  
milli-  
Value  
103  
103  
k-  
kilo-  
M-  
mega-  
106  
°
degrees  
percent  
amperes  
%
A
ANSI  
C
American National Standards Institute  
Celsius  
DIP  
DMA  
EMI  
g
dual inline package  
direct memory access  
electromagnetic interference  
grams  
GPIB  
Hz  
General Purpose Interface Bus  
hertz  
IEEE  
in.  
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers  
inches  
lb  
pounds  
LED  
m
light-emitting diode  
meters  
MB  
RAM  
s
megabytes of memory  
random-access memory  
seconds  
SCSI  
Small Computer System Interface (bus)  
© National Instruments Corporation  
G-1  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
 
Glossary  
V
volts  
VAC  
VDC  
volts alternating current  
volts direct current  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
G-2  
 
ni.com  
Index  
C
E
cables  
environmental characteristics, B-1  
connecting GPIB cable, 2-9  
GPIB cable types, 1-1  
caution  
operating at wrong voltage, 2-1  
cables, 2-9  
SCSI bus, 2-6  
getting started, 1-1  
GPIB cables  
disconnecting before running ibtsta, A-2  
GPIB-SCSI-A  
common questions, A-1  
configuring  
configuring, 2-1  
GPIB-SCSI-A, 2-1  
operating mode, 2-5  
power-on primary GPIB address, 2-2  
SCSI ID, 2-2  
system, 2-8  
overview, 1-2  
POWER LED, 2-10  
software, 2-11  
READY LED, 2-10  
connecting cables, 2-9  
connecting GPIB-SCSI-A to SPARC system  
connecting cables, 2-9  
powering on the GPIB-SCSI-A, 2-10  
powering on your system, 2-10  
shutting down the system, 2-9  
customer education, C-1  
I
ibconf  
configuring software, 2-11  
ibfind, A-3  
ibic  
using, 4-1, A-2  
ibtsta  
failure, A-2  
verifying installation, A-2  
installing  
D
DIP switch SW1 settings, 2-2  
DIP switch SW2 settings, 2-5  
NI-488.2, 2-10  
© National Instruments Corporation  
I-1  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
 
 
Index  
K
kit contents, 1-1  
removing the software, 2-11  
L
source code, 4-2  
SCSI bus  
using terminating resistors, 2-6  
shutting down the system, 2-9  
N
installing, 2-10  
National Instruments Web support, C-1  
NI Developer Zone, C-1  
NI-488.2  
environmental characteristics, B-1  
physical characteristics, B-2  
superuser privilege  
32-bit or 64-bit Solaris, A-3  
components, 1-2  
configuring with ibconf, 2-11  
error checking, A-2  
function information, 4-2  
ibfind error, A-3  
Instruments, C-1  
ibic, 4-1, A-2  
installing, 2-10  
language interfaces, A-3  
overview, 1-2  
programming considerations, 4-2  
target ID, 2-2, A-2  
technical support resources, C-1  
terminating resistors  
bus, 2-6  
GPIB-SCSI-A not at end point of SCSI  
bus, 2-7  
troubleshooting  
O
overview  
NI-488.2, 1-2  
NI-488.2, A-1  
W
P
Web support from National Instruments, C-1  
worldwide technical support, C-2  
physical characteristics, B-2  
programming considerations, 4-2  
GPIB-SCSI-A for Solaris  
I-2  
 
ni.com  

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